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How can i generate a valid random mac adress with bash.

The first half of the adress should always stay same like this

just the x value should be generated random?

Sathyajith Bhat♦

15 Answers

Here is a fish.

This shell script will generate the random string you seek:

I did just have something here that showed how to run it from the command line, but after looking at Dennis Williamson convoluted (but upvoted) solution I see that the answer that people expect is the one where they don't have to do any work themselves.

deltaraydeltaray

1. Generate an appropriately sized int like so: http://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/randomvar.html
2. Convert to hex like so: http://snipplr.com/view/2428/convert-from-int-to-hex/
3. Add the dashes between three randomly generated chunks

Or in python:

Note that the python version only uses a 16 wide field to generate a hex char, so you don't have to worry about zero padding - approach amended to address a comment.

JakeGouldRobotHumansRobotHumans

In the past I've done this using:

but that will only make them in the range 0-9. For my purposes, that was good enough.

Probably a better solution would be to use printf:

Mac Address Randomization Generator Apple Terminal Manual Pdf

Here's how that works:

• The printf program is based on the C 'printf' function, which takes a 'format string' as the first parameter and then additional parameters fill in the format string.
• % in the format string introduces a 'format specifier' which can be one or more characters telling how to format the arguments.
• A leading zero (0) in a format specifier means that the resulting numeric output should be padded with leading zeros up to the specified width.
• The 2 says that the specifier should be displayed taking up two characters worth of width.
• The X ends the specifier and denotes that it should be interpreted as a number and displayed as hexidecimal. Because it's upper-case, the letters a-f should be upper case.
• The n is a newline -- printf interprets backslash as an escape code which can be used to display other characters, often tricky characters like the newline.
• The remaining characters in the format specifier are printed out literally, this includes the initial '00-06-2F-' and the dashes between the format specifiers.
• The remaining arguments are shell variable substitutions (denoted by the $) and include a math expression which is a random number (RANDOM) modulo 256. This results in a random number between 0 and 255.

Sean ReifschneiderSean Reifschneider

Using standard tools, either

or

might be the shortest of all.

artistoex

Mac Address Randomization Generator Apple Terminal Manual 2017

artistoex

The keys to the way this works:

• LC_CTYPE=C - allows characters > 0x7F
• IFS= - disables interpretation of t (tab), n (newline) and space
• -d '- allows newlines
• -r allows (and should almost always be used by habit with read)
• The format specifier -%02xn causes the output to be a literal hyphen followed by a two-digit hexadecimal number including a leading zero, if appropriate. The newline is superfluous here and could be omitted.
• The read gets a single byte (-n 1) from /dev/urandom in the range 0 to 255 (00 to FF).

• The single quote in the last argument to the printf in the loop causes the character to be output as its numeric value ('A' is output as '65'). See the POSIX specification for printf where it says:

  If the leading character is a single-quote or double-quote, the value shall be the numeric value in the underlying codeset of the character following the single-quote or double-quote.

  2017-12-12  QuickBooks)for)Mac)2013) User’s)Guide) by Shelly King and the QuickBooks for Mac team Version 2.0 November 28, 2012. QuickBooks for Mac 2013 User’s Guide i Acknowledgements No guide of this size and scope is written by a single person. I’d like to thank the other members. 2017-12-12  QuickBooks)for)Mac)2014) User’sGuide) by Shelly King, Liz Hamill, E Lisette Gerald-Yamasaki, and the QuickBooks for Mac team Version 1.0 September 23, 2013. QuickBooks for Mac 2014 User’s Guide i Acknowledgements No guide of this size and scope is written by a single person. I’d like to thank the other members. Quickbooks 2013 for mac manual pdf.

Dennis WilliamsonDennis Williamson

The shortest way I could come up with was using hexdump directly

• -n3 tells hexdump to read three byytes
• The format string prints a dash and a two digit hex value for each byte
  • '/1' means apply format for every read byte
  • '-%02X' is a printf spec for printing a leading zero, two digit, upper case hex value
• /dev/random is a source random bytes

Tested on GNU/Linux

Another one line solution

Same thing in upper case

Generate it for a Bash environment variable

Details:

• od (octal dump)

  -An Suppresses the leading address representation (extra noise) of the output.
  -N3 Limit the output to three bytes.
  -t xC Output in hex, ASCII character style, as desired.
  /dev/urandom Linux kernel random number pseudo-file.

• sed (stream editor) For space to hyphen substitution.

  -e <SCRIPT> execute the sed script.

• tr (string translation) Optional, in this example. I like upper case MAC addresses in my scripts/environment.

Mac Address Randomization Generator Apple Terminal Manual Online

This one works as well. The output is all in upper case as required.

This is works in classic shell (#!/bin/sh) script:

Or, if you want to have custom prefix:

Example usage:

Another option is to use jot:

-w changes the format, -s changes the separator, and -r generates random numbers.

The commands using od in the answers posted by artistoex and zero2cx add extra dashes to the output with OS X's od, but this does not:

OS X's od (/usr/bin/od below) uses a different output format than GNU od:

In Linux:

Explanation:

In Linux /proc/sys/kernel/random/uuid returns a new type 4 (random) UUID every time you read it. Most of its characters are (pseudo)random hexadecimal digits, thus we can use them. E.g:

Now it's enough to print 00-60-2f- (without newline) first:

Pros:

• hexadecimal digits from the very beginning, no conversion/filtering needed;
• printf and cut are POSIX tools;
• (for your specific case) hyphens already in UUID, we use them.

Mac Address Randomization Generator Apple Terminal Manual Download

Cons:

• we need to mind the two non-random digits in UUID;
• /proc/sys/kernel/random/uuid may not be available on some systems;
• only lowercase letters come so easy (you need additional step to get uppercase letters).

Kamil MaciorowskiKamil Maciorowski

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